Arthritis in Cats

A content old cat snuggles comfortably on a cozy cat bed by the window, enjoying a peaceful moment.

Why Older Cats Often Hide Joint Pain

Arthritis, also called degenerative joint disease or osteoarthritis, is very common in cats, especially as they get older. Many cats with arthritis do not limp in an obvious way. Instead, they show subtle changes in behaviour, movement, and daily habits. This means arthritis is often missed at home until the pain is more advanced.

Arthritis happens when the structures within and around a joint gradually become damaged. This leads to pain, stiffness, reduced movement, and difficulty doing normal activities such as jumping, climbing, grooming, or using the litter tray comfortably.

What Causes Arthritis in Cats?

Wear, Age, and Joint Damage

In many cats, arthritis develops gradually with age as joints experience long-term wear and tear. It can also be linked to previous injury, abnormal joint development, or other orthopedic problems.

Any joint can be affected, but arthritis is commonly found in the:

• elbows

• hips

• knees

• spine

Because cats are excellent at hiding pain, owners may not realise their cat is uncomfortable until mobility changes become more obvious.

Signs of Arthritis in Cats

Common Symptoms Owners May Notice

Cats with arthritis often show changes such as:

• reluctance to jump up or down

• hesitation on stairs

• reduced play or activity

• sleeping more

• stiffness after resting

• difficulty grooming

• litter box accidents or reluctance to use the tray

• irritability when touched

These behaviour changes are important because they are often the main sign of pain in cats. Many arthritic cats do not cry out or limp noticeably.

Why Arthritis Is Often Missed

Cats Adapt to Pain

Cats often cope with chronic pain by quietly changing how they move. For example, instead of jumping directly onto a bed or couch, they may use a lower step or chair first. Some owners assume this is simply “old age,” but it may actually be a sign of joint pain.

Because these changes can be subtle, regular veterinary check-ups are important for older cats.

How Veterinarians Diagnose Arthritis

History, Examination, and Sometimes X-Rays

Veterinarians diagnose arthritis by combining:

• the cat’s history and behaviour changes

• physical examination

• assessment of joint movement and pain

• sometimes radiographs (X-rays)

X-rays can help identify changes associated with degenerative joint disease, although some cats may still have significant pain even if radiographic changes are mild.

Treatment for Arthritis in Cats

Multimodal Pain Management

Treatment focuses on improving comfort and quality of life. Veterinary specialist guidance supports a multimodal approach, which may include:

• pain relief medication

• weight management if needed

• environmental modification

• gentle activity and mobility support

• nutritional support or prescribed supplements when appropriate

Pain control is very important because chronic pain can reduce mobility, worsen muscle loss, and affect the cat’s behaviour and wellbeing.

Your veterinarian will recommend the safest and most appropriate treatment plan for your individual cat.

Helping an Arthritic Cat at Home

Simple Changes Can Make a Big Difference

Home adjustments can help arthritic cats stay comfortable.

Helpful changes may include:

• low-sided litter trays

• steps or ramps to favourite resting places

• soft bedding in warm, easy-to-reach locations

• food and water bowls placed where they are easy to access

• encouraging gentle daily movement

Reducing the need for jumping and climbing can make daily life much easier for a painful cat.

Can Cats Live Well With Arthritis?

Yes, With Proper Support

Yes. Many cats with arthritis can continue to enjoy a good quality of life when their pain is recognised and managed properly. Early treatment often helps cats move more comfortably, groom better, rest more peacefully, and re-engage with family life.

Arthritis Care in Kalamunda

If your cat is slowing down, hesitating to jump, or showing changes in grooming, litter box use, or behaviour, the team at Hilltop Veterinary Hospital in Kalamunda can assess your cat for arthritis and other causes of pain.

Early diagnosis can make a real difference to your cat’s comfort and long-term wellbeing.

Concerned About Your Cat’s Mobility?

If your cat is moving less, avoiding stairs, or showing signs of stiffness or pain, book a consultation with Hilltop Veterinary Hospital so our veterinary team can evaluate your cat and recommend the most appropriate treatment plan.

Explore More Pet Health Advice

For more veterinary advice on common cat health problems, explore our Pet Health Advice library.

You can also browse our Cat Health Care articles to learn more about kidney disease, hyperthyroidism, vomiting, and other common feline medical conditions.

The information provided in this article is intended for educational purposes only and should not replace professional veterinary advice. Every cat’s medical situation is unique. If your cat is showing signs of pain, stiffness, or reduced mobility, consult your veterinarian for proper diagnosis and treatment.